【spoil的所有形式】在英语中，“spoil”是一个非常常见的动词，表示“破坏、损坏、宠坏、浪费”等含义。根据不同的时态、语态和形式，它的变化方式也有所不同。为了更清晰地展示“spoil”的所有形式，以下将从基本形式、时态变化、被动语态及分词形式等方面进行总结。
一、基本形式
| 原形（Base Form） | 过去式（Past Tense） | 过去分词（Past Participle） |
| spoil | spoiled | spoiled |
二、不同时态的变化形式
| 时态 | 结构 | 例句 |
| 一般现在时 | I/you/we/they spoil; he/she/it spoils | He spoils his toys every day. |
| 一般过去时 | I/you/we/they/he/she/it spoiled | She spoiled the cake by adding too much sugar. |
| 一般将来时 | will spoil | They will spoil the plan if they don't check it. |
| 现在进行时 | am/is/are spoiling | The child is spoiling his food. |
| 过去进行时 | was/were spoiling | We were spoiling the movie with our comments. |
| 现在完成时 | have/has spoiled | He has spoiled the surprise. |
| 过去完成时 | had spoiled | They had spoiled the game before we arrived. |
| 将来完成时 | will have spoiled | By tomorrow, she will have spoiled the project. |
三、被动语态形式
| 时态 | 被动语态结构 | 例句 |
| 一般现在时 | is/are spoiled | The cake is spoiled. |
| 一般过去时 | was/were spoiled | The movie was spoiled by bad reviews. |
| 一般将来时 | will be spoiled | The plan will be spoiled if not checked. |
| 现在完成时 | have/has been spoiled | The car has been spoiled by the rain. |
| 过去完成时 | had been spoiled | The experiment had been spoiled earlier. |
| 将来完成时 | will have been spoiled | The data will have been spoiled by then. |
四、分词形式
| 分词类型 | 形式 | 用法说明 |
| 现在分词 | spoiling | 表示正在进行的动作或伴随状态 |
| 过去分词 | spoiled | 表示已完成的动作或被动意义 |
五、常见搭配与用法
- spoil a chance：浪费机会
- spoil a relationship：破坏关系
- spoil a meal：弄坏一顿饭
- spoil someone：宠坏某人
总结
“spoil”是一个多义词，其形式变化较为规律，主要体现在时态、语态和分词上。掌握这些变化有助于在不同语境中正确使用该词。无论是日常对话还是书面表达，了解“spoil”的各种形式都能提高语言的准确性和自然度。
